Protocol / Core

Deterministic Execution at Protocol Level

Every block produced by Aeltrix resolves identically across all validators. No fork choice. No reorganization. No probabilistic settlement window.

BFT-Enhanced Proof of Stake

Consensus layer

BFT-Enhanced Proof of Stake

HotStuff-style BFT with weighted stake voting and rotating leader selection. Blocks achieve deterministic finality through a 2-phase commit: propose → prevote QC → precommit QC. A block is final when ≥2/3 of total stake signs the precommit quorum certificate.

Parameter	Value
Block time target	1 second
Finality	~2 seconds (deterministic)
Quorum threshold	⅔ supermajority
Leader selection	Rotating, stake-weighted
Slashing	Double-sign: 5-10% + jail
Validator set	Top 50 by stake

Zero Gas Architecture

Bandwidth credits

Aeltrix replaces gas with bandwidth credits. Every account receives free transaction capacity each epoch.

BANDWIDTH_CREDIT_FORMULA

> credits = BASE_FREE + K × sqrt(staked_tokens)

> BASE_FREE = 20 credits/epoch

> K = 10

> EPOCH_LENGTH = 10 seconds

> TRANSFER_COST = 1 credit

> CONTRACT_CALL = 5-50 credits (by weight class)

EXAMPLE_CALCULATION

> ACCOUNT 0x4ab2...77a1

> STAKED: 10,000 AELX

> BUDGET: 20 + 10 × sqrt(10000) = 1,020 credits/epoch

> TX_CAPACITY: ~1,020 transfers per 10 seconds

> COST_TO_USER: 0 AELX

Parallel Deterministic Execution

Execution engine

Read/write set tracking ensures deterministic ordering. Account-based state model with conflict detection and batch signature verification.

TECH_STACK

> LANGUAGE: Rust

> P2P: libp2p

> CONSENSUS: Custom HotStuff-style BFT

> CRYPTO: Ed25519 (v1) // BLS (planned)

> STORAGE: RocksDB

> STATE_TREE: Sparse Merkle Tree

> RPC: JSON-RPC + WebSocket

Live Metrics

Chain data

BLOCK_HEIGHT

800,571

TOTAL_TX

ACTIVE_VALIDATORS